大亚湾三种经济贝类的营养生态位及潜在产量评估     

黎辉  何慧  金启增 《热带海洋学报》1999,(4)

通过周年4个季度对大亚湾3种主要经济贝类———珍珠贝Pinctadamartensii,华贵栉孔扇贝Chlamysnobilis　和贻贝Pernaviridis的采样、观测和鉴定,分析它们胃肠物中的食物组成及其季节变化,综合分析了它们的营养生态位。结果显示,3种贝类的食物组成相似,食物中以碎屑、碎片最多,其次是浮游植物,主要包括硅藻、甲藻、金藻和蓝藻,而浮游动物含量最少,偶尔见到原生动物、轮虫、枝角类和桡足类的残体或壳。大亚湾水体的年初级生产力为63万t有机碳,推算出大亚湾生态系统中贝类的最大产量约为1600t·km-2,潜在产量为16—160t·km-2。  相似文献   

Study on the feeding habit and trophic level of main economic invertebrates in the Huanghai Sea     

Cheng Jisheng  Zhu Jinsheng  Jiang Weimin 《海洋学报(英文版)》1999,18(1):117-126

INTRODUCTIONTheHuanghaiSeaisrichwithfisheryspecies.Apartfromfishes,thereisagreatnumberofinvertebrates,ofwhichmanyareofcommercialimportance,playinganimportantroleintheHuanghaiSeafishery.Twogroupsofinvertebrates,CrustaceaandCephalopodawerelandedduringthetrawlsurveysintheHuanghaiSea.CrustaceaincludedPenaeusorientalis,Trachypenaeuscurvirostris,Crangonaffinis,Mitatynaeopsisdalei,Palaemongravieri,Portunustrituberculatus,Charybdisbimaculata,Oratosquillaoratoria,etc.andCephalopodainclucded…  相似文献   

水库浮游细菌生产和呼吸过程代谢内外源有机碳研究     

韩一萱  李彪  荀凡  高培鑫  毛振镀  陶晔  邢鹏 《湖泊科学》2022,34(1):162-173

全球气候变化和人类活动的加剧影响水生生态系统中溶解性有机碳(DOC)的种类和浓度.浮游细菌生产和呼吸过程对碳源变化的响应,可能影响水体乃至区域的碳循环特征.本研究选取了南京市11座中小型水库,利用碳稳定同位素技术和双端元混合模型定量分析浮游细菌在生产和呼吸代谢过程中对内外碳源的利用.依据DOC中内外碳源的比例,将11座...  相似文献   

水生高等植物-浮游植物关系和湖泊营养状态   总被引：29，自引：5，他引：24  

章宗涉 《湖泊科学》1998,10(4):83-86

本文根据中国一些湖泊的资料,从湖泊营养化角度分析了水生高等植物的生物量,分布和优势种以及浮游植物,透明度和湖泊营养状态的关系,表明高等植物和浮游藻类这两种初级生产者的生产在浅水湖泊中呈负相关,并反映在水质指标和湖泊营养状态下,同是,简要讨论了光限制,营养供给和生化抑制作用在浮游植物与水生高等植物关系中的作用。  相似文献   

太湖富营养化现状及原因分析   总被引：110，自引：24，他引：86  

朱广伟 《湖泊科学》2008,20(1):21-26

根据2005-2006年太湖湖泊生态系统研究站的监测结果,结合历史监测记录,评价了近5年来太湖富营养化的趋势.结果显示,从2000年以来,太湖的富营养化状况有加重趋势.主要表现在:1)与历史监测资料对比,近5年来无论梅梁湾还是湖心区,夏季水体TN、TP含量均呈增高趋势,如1992-2001年,太湖湖心区夏季(6-8月份)水体TN的平均值为1.706 mg/L (范围1.238-2.266mg/L),而2002-2006这5年间该平均值为2.344mg/L(范围1.924-2.717mg/L),明显高于前10年(p=0.005),另外,同期湖心区夏季的水体透明度则明显下降(1992—2001年夏季平均值为0.63 m,而2002-2006年则为0.34 m,p=0.003); 2)从野外调查看,太湖夏季水华暴发的范围越来越大,从2000年以前的梅梁湾、竺山湾及部分湖西区为主,发展到2006年的整个西太湖,夏季暴发水华的面积占太湖总面积的一半以上,且一年中出现水华的时间越来越长,水华出现的频率越来越高,微囊藻水华为特征的藻型生态系统在大太湖似乎越来越稳定;3)近年来太湖沉水植物分布区的面积有所下降.研究表明,太湖近年来富营养化的现状不容乐观,原因可能与近几年异常的气候和水文条件有关,也可能与水草区的不断破坏而减弱了微囊藻水华的生态竞争有关,应引起有关部门重视.  相似文献   

丹江口水库的饵料生物资源及水体营养状态评价   总被引：12，自引：1，他引：11  

韩德举  彭建华  简东  邹清  邬红娟 《湖泊科学》1997,9(1):57-62

根据1992年12月至1993年9月的调查,丹江口水库的饵料生物资源量为1．845×10~6t．其产鱼潜力为1．615×10~4t．是现有鱼产量（包括捕捞产量和不投饵网箱产量）的5倍左右．就水体营养状态而言,汉江库区为中营养型,丹江库区属贫一中营养型．文中还对丹江口水库的渔业发展和水质保护进行了讨论．  相似文献   

西洞庭湖天然和人工改造湿地中克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)与日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)的食性差异     

谭文卓  李斌  王玉玉  肖雅渝  陆修远  杨梨萍  雷光春  蔡教慧  何木盈 《湖泊科学》2022,34(1):184-193

栖息地退化和外来物种入侵都是淡水生态系统中的主要威胁因素,因此,量化不同人类活动干扰强度下外来入侵生物和本土生物的食性组成差异,对于明确种间竞争强度,制定适合的管理对策至关重要.本研究应用碳、氮稳定同位素分析技术,比较了长江中下游西洞庭湖湿地受人类活动干扰程度不同的天然湿地和人工改造湿地中的入侵种克氏原螯虾(Procambarus clarkii)与本土种日本沼虾(Macrobrachium nipponense)的食性组成及差异.2017年8月8-18日在西洞庭湖区不同人类干扰强度的栖息地中采集了两种消费者和5种潜在食物来源样品,共计91个.测定碳氮稳定同位素含量后,使用贝叶斯混合模型,估算不同食物来源对消费者的贡献.研究发现:在两种栖息地中克氏原螯虾与日本沼虾食性均有重叠,且在改造湿地中重叠度更大.与克氏原螯虾相比,日本沼虾消费更多的动物性食物.与天然湿地相比,在改造湿地中由于克氏原螯虾数量更多,与本土种竞争食物资源,克氏原螯虾和日本沼虾δ¹³ C比值都显著升高,食性组成均发生了变化,植物性食物来源比重增加.由于食性改变,在改造湿地中仅日本沼虾δ¹⁵ N比值显著下降,克氏原螯虾在两种栖息地中δ¹⁵ N比值无显著变化.本研究证明,随着人类干扰强度增大,受干扰湿地中外来入侵生物对本土生物的影响增大.  相似文献   

珠江流域西江支流贺江浮游藻类群落特征及水质分析   总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2  

苟婷  许振成  李杰  马千里  王丽  赵学敏  梁荣昌  郭俊成 《湖泊科学》2015,27(3):412-420

为了解珠江流域西江支流贺江浮游藻类的分布并评价其水质情况,于2013年丰水期和枯水期对贺江的浮游藻类群落结构进行调查和分析,结果表明:调查期间共检出浮游藻类7门130种,其中丰水期7门63种,枯水期5门103种,浮游藻类群落组成以绿藻门、硅藻门和蓝藻门为主,丰水期绿藻门居多,硅藻门次之,藻细胞丰度平均值为2.13×106cells/L;枯水期硅藻门最多,藻细胞丰度平均值为3.71×106cells/L;优势种主要有水华微囊藻、卷曲鱼腥藻、小颤藻、啮蚀隐藻、短小舟形藻、变异直链藻、颗粒直链藻、四尾栅藻、集星藻、小球衣藻和小球藻.RDA分析表明,影响贺江浮游藻类群落分布的主要环境因子是氮、磷营养盐,综合营养状态指数显示贺江处于中营养水平.  相似文献   

Reed litter Si content affects microbial community structure and the lipid composition of an invertebrate shredder during aquatic decomposition     

《Limnologica》2016

The decomposition of plant litter is an important mechanism in regard to energy and nutrient dynamics of ecosystems. Silicon concentration of plant tissue can affect these processes by changing litter quality, i.e. nutrient stoichiometry and cellulose and phenols content. To determine which group of microbial decomposers benefits from high Si content in plants and how this impacts on animal decomposers, a batch experiment was conducted with reed leaf litter (Phragmites australis) differing in Si content in the presence/absence of invertebrate shredders (Gammarus pulex). Lipid concentration of G. pulex, in reed litter and fine particulate matter (FPOM) were examined. High Si concentration in reed resulted in a decline of gram positive bacteria in the heterotrophic biofilm and of gram negative bacteria in FPOM. The lipid composition in the next trophic level, the decomposer G. pulex, changed too, indicating a diet shift in favor of bacteria and algae with increasing litter Si concentration. Thus, basal decomposers were affected by the Si availability in plant resources, and these effects likely persist along the food chain, as FPOM is a dominant food supply for other groups, e.g. collectors. This impact of Si content on plant substrate quality for decomposer food webs may have global relevance, due to related modifications in carbon and nutrient cycling during litter decomposition.  相似文献   

Trophic network model of the Northern Adriatic Sea: Analysis of an exploited and eutrophic ecosystem     

Alberto Barausse  Alessandro Duci  Carlotta Mazzoldi  Yuri Artioli  Luca Palmeri 《Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science》2009,83(4):577-590

A quantitative model of the trophic network of Northern Adriatic Sea marine ecosystem during the 1990s has been constructed, with the goal of analysing its trophic structure, identifying the key trophic groups and assessing the anthropogenic impacts on the ecosystem using the Ecopath modelling protocol. The Northern Adriatic Sea is an eutrophic, shallow basin, and one of the most heavily fished areas in the Mediterranean Sea. The network aggregation into discrete trophic levels sensu Lindeman shows that low trophic levels dominate biomass and energy flows, with 40% of the total system throughput flowing out from trophic level 2. Instead, upper trophic levels appear bottom-up controlled, highly depleted and not exerting any control on the trophic network, as shown by mixed trophic impact-based analyses. Microbial loop is comparable to grazing with respect to the magnitude of flows involved, as 66% of the trophic network flows originate from detritus, which is mainly consumed by bacteria. Key trophic groups are plankton groups, macro-crustaceans and detritus, and other r-selected organisms like squids and small pelagics, which have a great influence on the ecosystem. In particular, zooplankton acts as a bottleneck for energy flows, limiting the energy from the low trophic levels effectively reaching the upper food web. The high pelagic production caused by eutrophication sustains high fishery landings and impressive discard quantities, as well as the benthic compartment. Overall, the ecosystem appears quite productive and in a stressed and developmental status. Model results and comparisons with few existing historical data suggest that the low maturity and stressed state of the Northern Adriatic Sea are not only due to natural characteristics, but mainly to anthropogenic pressures.  相似文献